The journal recognizes the growing use of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies in scholarly communication and supports their responsible, transparent, and ethical use. This policy is aligned with internationally recognized publishing and research integrity principles, including the recommendations of major indexing and publishing organizations.

Principles of Responsible AI Use

Generative AI tools may be used to assist authors in improving the readability and presentation of their manuscripts. However, AI systems cannot replace human intellectual contributions, critical judgment, or accountability for scholarly work.

Authors remain fully responsible for the accuracy, integrity, originality, and validity of all content submitted to the journal,

regardless of whether AI tools were used during manuscript preparation.

Permitted Uses of Generative AI

Authors may use Generative AI tools for:

• Language editing, grammar correction, and improvement of readability.

• Formatting and organization of manuscript content.

• Assistance in summarizing information or refining text.

• Translation support, provided the final content is carefully reviewed by the authors.

All AI-assisted content must be thoroughly reviewed, verified, and approved by the authors before submission.

Disclosure of AI Use

• Authors must disclose the use of Generative AI tools if such tools have contributed to the drafting, generation, modification, analysis, or preparation of manuscript content.

• The disclosure should identify the AI tool used and briefly describe how it was utilized.

• A disclosure statement may be included in the Acknowledgments section or another appropriate section of the manuscript.

• Failure to disclose substantial AI use may be considered a breach of publication ethics.

Authorship and Accountability

• Generative AI tools cannot be listed as authors or co-authors.

• AI systems cannot meet authorship requirements because they cannot take responsibility for the accuracy, integrity, originality, or ethical aspects of a scholarly work.

• Only human contributors who satisfy the journal’s authorship criteria may be listed as authors.

Prohibited Uses

The following practices are not permitted:

• Fabrication, falsification, or manipulation of research data using AI tools.

• Generation of fake results, references, citations, images, tables, or experimental findings.

• Use of AI to conceal plagiarism, duplicate publication, or other forms of academic misconduct.

• Submission of AI-generated content without appropriate human verification and oversight.

• Manipulation of images, figures, or visual data in a way that misrepresents research findings.

Accuracy and Verification

Generative AI systems may produce inaccurate, incomplete, biased, or fabricated information. Authors are therefore required to:

• Independently verify all facts, references, citations, data, and statements generated by AI tools.

• Ensure that cited references are genuine and accurately represented.

• Accept full responsibility for any errors or inaccuracies contained in AI-assisted content.

Use of AI by Reviewers

• Reviewers must not upload confidential manuscripts, reviewer reports, or unpublished data into public AI platforms or systems that may store, learn from, or reuse submitted content.

• Reviewers are required to maintain the confidentiality of all materials received during the peer-review process.

• Any use of AI tools by reviewers must not compromise manuscript confidentiality or intellectual property rights.

Use of AI by Editors

• Editors may use AI-assisted tools for administrative and technical purposes, such as plagiarism screening, language assessment, and workflow support.

• Editorial decisions must always be made by qualified human editors and shall not be delegated to AI systems.

• Editors remain responsible for ensuring fairness, confidentiality, transparency, and research integrity throughout the editorial process.

Policy Compliance

The journal reserves the right to request additional information regarding the use of AI tools during manuscript preparation, review, or publication. Undisclosed or inappropriate use of AI may result in manuscript rejection, correction, retraction, or other actions deemed necessary by the editorial office.

The journal supports innovation in scholarly publishing while maintaining the highest standards of research integrity, transparency, accountability, and ethical publishing. Human authors, reviewers, and editors remain ultimately responsible for all scholarly content published by the journal.