To facilitate an efficient editorial and peer review process, authors are requested to submit a complete manuscript package through the journal's online submission system. Incomplete submissions may be returned to the corresponding author before editorial evaluation.

Submission Requirements

Authors should ensure that the following documents and information are included at the time of submission:

• Manuscript File: The complete manuscript in Microsoft Word (.doc or .docx) format, prepared according to the journal's formatting guidelines.
• Author Details: Full names, institutional affiliations, email addresses, and the corresponding author's contact information for all contributors.
• ORCID iD: Each author is encouraged to provide a valid ORCID iD to support accurate researcher identification and improve publication transparency.
• References: References should be prepared in MLA style and, where available, must include the correct DOI or a direct URL to the cited source.
• Cover Letter: A signed cover letter confirming that the manuscript is original, has not been published previously, is not under consideration elsewhere, and has been approved by all authors.
• Ethical Approval: For studies involving human participants, animals, or other research requiring ethical oversight, authors must provide the relevant ethics committee approval or institutional review board (IRB) documentation.
• Conflict of Interest Disclosure: A statement declaring any financial, professional, or personal relationships that could influence the reported research. If no conflicts exist, authors should state, "The authors declare no conflict of interest."
• Similarity Report: A plagiarism screening report generated using Turnitin or another recognized similarity-detection software. Authors are responsible for ensuring that the manuscript complies with the journal's originality requirements before submission.

Submission Review

The Editorial Office will verify that all required files and documents have been received. Manuscripts with missing information or incomplete documentation may be returned to the authors for correction prior to editorial assessment.

Author Responsibility

By submitting a manuscript, authors confirm that all submitted information is accurate and complete and that the manuscript complies with the journal's editorial, ethical, and publication policies. Failure to meet these requirements may result in delays in processing or rejection of the submission.